今日講下近年香港建造業都好Hit既一個Topic, 就係Design and Build. 好多想入行既朋友仔, 都應該會係唔同渠道聽過人地講Design and Build. 咁咩係Design and Build? 呢類Project同傳統Project又有咩分別?
首先講講傳統Project既流程先. 以前既Project, 通常就係一開始D Client就會揾積師/結構/BS/Landscape等等既顧問(Consultants)去報標. 根據Consultation Fee同Performance, Client就會決定邊D顧問會成功中標. 中左標後, 成堆顧問就會圍埋一齊跟住Schedule夾Layout/夾Headroom/E&M Zone 同處理一堆Statutory Submission (CLP Submission, WWO542, BD入積, BEAM Plus等等). 之後再合理出各自既Tender Drawings, Client再用呢堆Tender Drawings去比Main Contractor/NSC 報標, 之後先開始Construction.
至於Design and Build, 顧名思義就係Design 同 Build同時間發生, Client多數係建築署 (ASD). 呢類型Project Client首先係揾一堆Main Contractor去報標. Main Contractor自己再揾Consultant去組合一隊團隊. 呢D Consultant會係短時間内夾好一個好Preliminary既Layout, 有曬大路野, 再比判頭既QS去預數. 判頭再用呢D圖同數去報比Client, 最後Client就會因應Main Contractor既Project Sum同平時Project既Performance去揀邊個判頭會中標. 係呢D Project裏面, Main Con會參與曬所有Design 同 Build既 Works, 而判頭亦都會擔當同Client交涉既角色, Consultant係呢D Project就會比判頭Lead住, 所有工作都係輔助判頭為主, 例如係Project中標後初期要幫判頭出AIP (Approval in Principle), 去到Construction就要出DDA (Detailed Design Approval)去比Client批.
我自己叫做做過3單DnB (2單出Tender, 一單去到DDA Stage), 我覺得係DnB Project既時間控制係比傳統Project會好D. 由於Main Contractor會係早期就參與, 佢地比較著重係時間同金錢上面, 所以係Design初期既Provision都可以預足D. 有D Project Sub contractor都會係早期就參與, 所以係夾Layout既時候就會順左, 始終Consultant通病都係預大數, 如果有判頭早期參與, 夾出黎既Layout就會好洗好多. 但有得就必有失, 因爲成個Project個時間短左, 尤其係Main Con同Consultant夾Layout出標比Client既時候, 其實個Schedule得2-3個月. 係一個咁Tight既Schedule裏面夾到一份似樣既Layout同Design其實係無咩可能. 所以通常出完Tender份Design其實都預左好多甩漏, 而Main Con/Sub仔就要食曬呢D甩漏, 因爲Design and Build唔似傳統Tender, Design漏左就係Deviation, DnB Project判頭係有責任跟曬ER (Employer’s Requirement)入面既野, 而份ER通常都Cover曬所有野.
其實點解會寫呢篇野, 係因爲最近有就畢業既人問我, Main Con係咪無Design野做, 係咪考唔到牌, 其實我又覺得唔係, 正正就係因爲有DnB既Project存在. 其實Main Con/Sub仔早段進到場, 都會參與到Design既過程, 都會有機會睇到Consultant做既Design, 知道Design背後既Concept同參考既例, 所以都可以儲到Design經驗考牌. 最緊要係, 所有同Client參與既Design Coordination Meeting, 判頭都有份, 所以可以從中吸經, 睇下Consultant大佬既Presentation學野.
